How to stop a cBot automatically when hits a certain price level?
How to stop a cBot automatically when hits a certain price level?
26 Apr 2019, 09:23
Hi all,
is it possible to stop an cBot automatically when it hits a certain price level? For example, my analysis are only right if it stays above or below a price, if it breaks that price my cBot should stop and should close all positions (from this instance only) automatically.
Thanks for your help
Replies
Mountaindude
26 Apr 2019, 12:01
Thanks for you fast respond, but this one stops when the balance goes under a value, not the price. Can I change this somehow?
Thx
@Mountaindude
Mountaindude
26 Apr 2019, 15:42
Could you do it at this code?
I don´t know how to do it sorry.
Thx
using System;
using System.Linq;
using cAlgo.API;
namespace cAlgo
{
[Robot(TimeZone = TimeZones.UTC, AccessRights = AccessRights.None)]
public class SmartGrid : Robot
{
[Parameter("Buy", DefaultValue = true)]
public bool Buy { get; set; }
[Parameter("Sell", DefaultValue = true)]
public bool Sell { get; set; }
[Parameter("Pip Step", DefaultValue = 10, MinValue = 1)]
public int PipStep { get; set; }
[Parameter("First Volume", DefaultValue = 1000, MinValue = 1000, Step = 1000)]
public int FirstVolume { get; set; }
[Parameter("Volume Exponent", DefaultValue = 1.0, MinValue = 0.1, MaxValue = 5.0)]
public double VolumeExponent { get; set; }
[Parameter("Max Spread", DefaultValue = 3.0)]
public double MaxSpread { get; set; }
[Parameter("Average TP", DefaultValue = 3, MinValue = 1)]
public int AverageTP { get; set; }
private string Label = "cls";
private Position position;
private DateTime tc_31;
private DateTime tc_32;
private int gi_21;
private double sp_d;
private bool is_12 = true;
private bool cStop = false;
protected override void OnStart()
{
}
protected override void OnTick()
{
sp_d = (Symbol.Ask - Symbol.Bid) / Symbol.PipSize;
if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 0)
f0_86(pnt_12(TradeType.Buy), AverageTP);
if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 0)
f0_88(pnt_12(TradeType.Sell), AverageTP);
if (MaxSpread >= sp_d && !cStop)
Open_24();
RCN();
}
protected override void OnError(Error error)
{
if (error.Code == ErrorCode.NoMoney)
{
cStop = true;
Print("openning stopped because: not enough money");
}
}
protected override void OnBar()
{
RefreshData();
}
protected override void OnStop()
{
ChartObjects.RemoveAllObjects();
}
private void Open_24()
{
if (is_12)
{
if (Buy && o_tm(TradeType.Buy) == 0 && MarketSeries.Close.Last(1) > MarketSeries.Close.Last(2))
{
gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Buy, fer(FirstVolume, 0));
if (gi_21 > 0)
tc_31 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0);
else
Print("First BUY openning error at: ", Symbol.Ask, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error);
}
if (Sell && o_tm(TradeType.Sell) == 0 && MarketSeries.Close.Last(2) > MarketSeries.Close.Last(1))
{
gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Sell, fer(FirstVolume, 0));
if (gi_21 > 0)
tc_32 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0);
else
Print("First SELL openning error at: ", Symbol.Bid, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error);
}
}
N_28();
}
private void N_28()
{
if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 0)
{
if (Math.Round(Symbol.Ask, Symbol.Digits) < Math.Round(D_TD(TradeType.Buy) - PipStep * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits) && tc_31 != MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0))
{
long gl_57 = n_lt(TradeType.Buy);
gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Buy, fer(gl_57, 2));
if (gi_21 > 0)
tc_31 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0);
else
Print("Next BUY openning error at: ", Symbol.Ask, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error);
}
}
if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 0)
{
if (Math.Round(Symbol.Bid, Symbol.Digits) > Math.Round(U_TD(TradeType.Sell) + PipStep * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits))
{
long gl_59 = n_lt(TradeType.Sell);
gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Sell, fer(gl_59, 2));
if (gi_21 > 0)
tc_32 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0);
else
Print("Next SELL openning error at: ", Symbol.Bid, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error);
}
}
}
private int OrderSend(TradeType TrdTp, long iVol)
{
int cd_8 = 0;
if (iVol > 0)
{
TradeResult result = ExecuteMarketOrder(TrdTp, Symbol, iVol, Label, 0, 0, 0, "smart_grid");
if (result.IsSuccessful)
{
Print(TrdTp, "Opened at: ", result.Position.EntryPrice);
cd_8 = 1;
}
else
Print(TrdTp, "Openning Error: ", result.Error);
}
else
Print("Volume calculation error: Calculated Volume is: ", iVol);
return cd_8;
}
private void f0_86(double ai_4, int ad_8)
{
foreach (var position in Positions)
{
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TradeType.Buy)
{
double? li_16 = Math.Round(ai_4 + ad_8 * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits);
if (position.TakeProfit != li_16)
ModifyPosition(position, position.StopLoss, li_16);
}
}
}
}
private void f0_88(double ai_4, int ad_8)
{
foreach (var position in Positions)
{
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TradeType.Sell)
{
double? li_16 = Math.Round(ai_4 - ad_8 * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits);
if (position.TakeProfit != li_16)
ModifyPosition(position, position.StopLoss, li_16);
}
}
}
}
private void RCN()
{
if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 1)
{
double y = pnt_12(TradeType.Buy);
ChartObjects.DrawHorizontalLine("bpoint", y, Colors.Yellow, 2, LineStyle.Dots);
}
else
ChartObjects.RemoveObject("bpoint");
if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 1)
{
double z = pnt_12(TradeType.Sell);
ChartObjects.DrawHorizontalLine("spoint", z, Colors.HotPink, 2, LineStyle.Dots);
}
else
ChartObjects.RemoveObject("spoint");
ChartObjects.DrawText("pan", A_cmt_calc(), StaticPosition.TopLeft, Colors.Tomato);
}
private string A_cmt_calc()
{
string gc_78 = "";
string wn_7 = "";
string wn_8 = "";
string sp_4 = "";
string ppb = "";
string lpb = "";
string nb_6 = "";
double dn_7 = 0;
double dn_9 = 0;
sp_4 = "\nSpread = " + Math.Round(sp_d, 1);
nb_6 = "\nwww.facebook.com/cls.fx\n";
if (dn_7 > 0)
wn_7 = "\nBuy Positions = " + o_tm(TradeType.Buy);
if (dn_9 > 0)
wn_8 = "\nSell Positions = " + o_tm(TradeType.Sell);
if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 0)
{
double igl = Math.Round((pnt_12(TradeType.Buy) - Symbol.Bid) / Symbol.PipSize, 1);
ppb = "\nBuy Target Away = " + igl;
}
if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 0)
{
double osl = Math.Round((Symbol.Ask - pnt_12(TradeType.Sell)) / Symbol.PipSize, 1);
lpb = "\nSell Target Away = " + osl;
}
if (sp_d > MaxSpread)
gc_78 = "MAX SPREAD EXCEED";
else
gc_78 = "Smart Grid" + nb_6 + wn_7 + sp_4 + wn_8 + ppb + lpb;
return (gc_78);
}
private int cnt_16()
{
int ASide = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
ASide++;
}
return ASide;
}
private int o_tm(TradeType TrdTp)
{
int TSide = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TrdTp)
TSide++;
}
}
return TSide;
}
private double pnt_12(TradeType TrdTp)
{
double Result = 0;
double AveragePrice = 0;
long Count = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TrdTp)
{
AveragePrice += position.EntryPrice * position.Volume;
Count += position.Volume;
}
}
}
if (AveragePrice > 0 && Count > 0)
Result = Math.Round(AveragePrice / Count, Symbol.Digits);
return Result;
}
private double D_TD(TradeType TrdTp)
{
double D_TD = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TrdTp)
{
if (D_TD == 0)
{
D_TD = position.EntryPrice;
continue;
}
if (position.EntryPrice < D_TD)
D_TD = position.EntryPrice;
}
}
}
return D_TD;
}
private double U_TD(TradeType TrdTp)
{
double U_TD = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TrdTp)
{
if (U_TD == 0)
{
U_TD = position.EntryPrice;
continue;
}
if (position.EntryPrice > U_TD)
U_TD = position.EntryPrice;
}
}
}
return U_TD;
}
private double f_tk(TradeType TrdTp)
{
double prc_4 = 0;
int tk_4 = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TrdTp)
{
if (tk_4 == 0 || tk_4 > position.Id)
{
prc_4 = position.EntryPrice;
tk_4 = position.Id;
}
}
}
}
return prc_4;
}
private long lt_8(TradeType TrdTp)
{
long lot_4 = 0;
int tk_4 = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TrdTp)
{
if (tk_4 == 0 || tk_4 > position.Id)
{
lot_4 = position.Volume;
tk_4 = position.Id;
}
}
}
}
return lot_4;
}
private long clt(TradeType TrdTp)
{
long Result = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == TrdTp)
Result += position.Volume;
}
}
return Result;
}
private int Grd_Ex(TradeType ai_0, TradeType ci_0)
{
double prc_4 = f_tk(ci_0);
int tk_4 = 0;
for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
position = Positions[i];
if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code)
{
if (position.TradeType == ai_0 && ai_0 == TradeType.Buy)
{
if (Math.Round(position.EntryPrice, Symbol.Digits) <= Math.Round(prc_4, Symbol.Digits))
tk_4++;
}
if (position.TradeType == ai_0 && ai_0 == TradeType.Sell)
{
if (Math.Round(position.EntryPrice, Symbol.Digits) >= Math.Round(prc_4, Symbol.Digits))
tk_4++;
}
}
}
return (tk_4);
}
private long n_lt(TradeType ca_8)
{
int ic_g = Grd_Ex(ca_8, ca_8);
long gi_c = lt_8(ca_8);
long ld_4 = Symbol.NormalizeVolume(gi_c * Math.Pow(VolumeExponent, ic_g));
return (ld_4);
}
private long fer(long ic_9, int bk_4)
{
long ga_i = Symbol.VolumeMin;
long gd_i = Symbol.VolumeStep;
long dc_i = Symbol.VolumeMax;
long ic_8 = ic_9;
if (ic_8 < ga_i)
ic_8 = ga_i;
if (ic_8 > dc_i)
ic_8 = dc_i;
return (ic_8);
}
}
}
@Mountaindude
Mountaindude
26 Apr 2019, 16:58
Could you do it at this code?
I don´t know how to do it sorry.
Thx
using System; using System.Linq; using cAlgo.API; namespace cAlgo { [Robot(TimeZone = TimeZones.UTC, AccessRights = AccessRights.None)] public class SmartGrid : Robot { [Parameter("Buy", DefaultValue = true)] public bool Buy { get; set; } [Parameter("Sell", DefaultValue = true)] public bool Sell { get; set; } [Parameter("Pip Step", DefaultValue = 10, MinValue = 1)] public int PipStep { get; set; } [Parameter("First Volume", DefaultValue = 1000, MinValue = 1000, Step = 1000)] public int FirstVolume { get; set; } [Parameter("Volume Exponent", DefaultValue = 1.0, MinValue = 0.1, MaxValue = 5.0)] public double VolumeExponent { get; set; } [Parameter("Max Spread", DefaultValue = 3.0)] public double MaxSpread { get; set; } [Parameter("Average TP", DefaultValue = 3, MinValue = 1)] public int AverageTP { get; set; } private string Label = "cls"; private Position position; private DateTime tc_31; private DateTime tc_32; private int gi_21; private double sp_d; private bool is_12 = true; private bool cStop = false; protected override void OnStart() { } protected override void OnTick() { sp_d = (Symbol.Ask - Symbol.Bid) / Symbol.PipSize; if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 0) f0_86(pnt_12(TradeType.Buy), AverageTP); if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 0) f0_88(pnt_12(TradeType.Sell), AverageTP); if (MaxSpread >= sp_d && !cStop) Open_24(); RCN(); } protected override void OnError(Error error) { if (error.Code == ErrorCode.NoMoney) { cStop = true; Print("openning stopped because: not enough money"); } } protected override void OnBar() { RefreshData(); } protected override void OnStop() { ChartObjects.RemoveAllObjects(); } private void Open_24() { if (is_12) { if (Buy && o_tm(TradeType.Buy) == 0 && MarketSeries.Close.Last(1) > MarketSeries.Close.Last(2)) { gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Buy, fer(FirstVolume, 0)); if (gi_21 > 0) tc_31 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0); else Print("First BUY openning error at: ", Symbol.Ask, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error); } if (Sell && o_tm(TradeType.Sell) == 0 && MarketSeries.Close.Last(2) > MarketSeries.Close.Last(1)) { gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Sell, fer(FirstVolume, 0)); if (gi_21 > 0) tc_32 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0); else Print("First SELL openning error at: ", Symbol.Bid, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error); } } N_28(); } private void N_28() { if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 0) { if (Math.Round(Symbol.Ask, Symbol.Digits) < Math.Round(D_TD(TradeType.Buy) - PipStep * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits) && tc_31 != MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0)) { long gl_57 = n_lt(TradeType.Buy); gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Buy, fer(gl_57, 2)); if (gi_21 > 0) tc_31 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0); else Print("Next BUY openning error at: ", Symbol.Ask, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error); } } if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 0) { if (Math.Round(Symbol.Bid, Symbol.Digits) > Math.Round(U_TD(TradeType.Sell) + PipStep * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits)) { long gl_59 = n_lt(TradeType.Sell); gi_21 = OrderSend(TradeType.Sell, fer(gl_59, 2)); if (gi_21 > 0) tc_32 = MarketSeries.OpenTime.Last(0); else Print("Next SELL openning error at: ", Symbol.Bid, "Error Type: ", LastResult.Error); } } } private int OrderSend(TradeType TrdTp, long iVol) { int cd_8 = 0; if (iVol > 0) { TradeResult result = ExecuteMarketOrder(TrdTp, Symbol, iVol, Label, 0, 0, 0, "smart_grid"); if (result.IsSuccessful) { Print(TrdTp, "Opened at: ", result.Position.EntryPrice); cd_8 = 1; } else Print(TrdTp, "Openning Error: ", result.Error); } else Print("Volume calculation error: Calculated Volume is: ", iVol); return cd_8; } private void f0_86(double ai_4, int ad_8) { foreach (var position in Positions) { if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TradeType.Buy) { double? li_16 = Math.Round(ai_4 + ad_8 * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits); if (position.TakeProfit != li_16) ModifyPosition(position, position.StopLoss, li_16); } } } } private void f0_88(double ai_4, int ad_8) { foreach (var position in Positions) { if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TradeType.Sell) { double? li_16 = Math.Round(ai_4 - ad_8 * Symbol.PipSize, Symbol.Digits); if (position.TakeProfit != li_16) ModifyPosition(position, position.StopLoss, li_16); } } } } private void RCN() { if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 1) { double y = pnt_12(TradeType.Buy); ChartObjects.DrawHorizontalLine("bpoint", y, Colors.Yellow, 2, LineStyle.Dots); } else ChartObjects.RemoveObject("bpoint"); if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 1) { double z = pnt_12(TradeType.Sell); ChartObjects.DrawHorizontalLine("spoint", z, Colors.HotPink, 2, LineStyle.Dots); } else ChartObjects.RemoveObject("spoint"); ChartObjects.DrawText("pan", A_cmt_calc(), StaticPosition.TopLeft, Colors.Tomato); } private string A_cmt_calc() { string gc_78 = ""; string wn_7 = ""; string wn_8 = ""; string sp_4 = ""; string ppb = ""; string lpb = ""; string nb_6 = ""; double dn_7 = 0; double dn_9 = 0; sp_4 = "\nSpread = " + Math.Round(sp_d, 1); nb_6 = "\nwww.facebook.com/cls.fx\n"; if (dn_7 > 0) wn_7 = "\nBuy Positions = " + o_tm(TradeType.Buy); if (dn_9 > 0) wn_8 = "\nSell Positions = " + o_tm(TradeType.Sell); if (o_tm(TradeType.Buy) > 0) { double igl = Math.Round((pnt_12(TradeType.Buy) - Symbol.Bid) / Symbol.PipSize, 1); ppb = "\nBuy Target Away = " + igl; } if (o_tm(TradeType.Sell) > 0) { double osl = Math.Round((Symbol.Ask - pnt_12(TradeType.Sell)) / Symbol.PipSize, 1); lpb = "\nSell Target Away = " + osl; } if (sp_d > MaxSpread) gc_78 = "MAX SPREAD EXCEED"; else gc_78 = "Smart Grid" + nb_6 + wn_7 + sp_4 + wn_8 + ppb + lpb; return (gc_78); } private int cnt_16() { int ASide = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) ASide++; } return ASide; } private int o_tm(TradeType TrdTp) { int TSide = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TrdTp) TSide++; } } return TSide; } private double pnt_12(TradeType TrdTp) { double Result = 0; double AveragePrice = 0; long Count = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TrdTp) { AveragePrice += position.EntryPrice * position.Volume; Count += position.Volume; } } } if (AveragePrice > 0 && Count > 0) Result = Math.Round(AveragePrice / Count, Symbol.Digits); return Result; } private double D_TD(TradeType TrdTp) { double D_TD = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TrdTp) { if (D_TD == 0) { D_TD = position.EntryPrice; continue; } if (position.EntryPrice < D_TD) D_TD = position.EntryPrice; } } } return D_TD; } private double U_TD(TradeType TrdTp) { double U_TD = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TrdTp) { if (U_TD == 0) { U_TD = position.EntryPrice; continue; } if (position.EntryPrice > U_TD) U_TD = position.EntryPrice; } } } return U_TD; } private double f_tk(TradeType TrdTp) { double prc_4 = 0; int tk_4 = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TrdTp) { if (tk_4 == 0 || tk_4 > position.Id) { prc_4 = position.EntryPrice; tk_4 = position.Id; } } } } return prc_4; } private long lt_8(TradeType TrdTp) { long lot_4 = 0; int tk_4 = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TrdTp) { if (tk_4 == 0 || tk_4 > position.Id) { lot_4 = position.Volume; tk_4 = position.Id; } } } } return lot_4; } private long clt(TradeType TrdTp) { long Result = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == TrdTp) Result += position.Volume; } } return Result; } private int Grd_Ex(TradeType ai_0, TradeType ci_0) { double prc_4 = f_tk(ci_0); int tk_4 = 0; for (int i = Positions.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { position = Positions[i]; if (position.Label == Label && position.SymbolCode == Symbol.Code) { if (position.TradeType == ai_0 && ai_0 == TradeType.Buy) { if (Math.Round(position.EntryPrice, Symbol.Digits) <= Math.Round(prc_4, Symbol.Digits)) tk_4++; } if (position.TradeType == ai_0 && ai_0 == TradeType.Sell) { if (Math.Round(position.EntryPrice, Symbol.Digits) >= Math.Round(prc_4, Symbol.Digits)) tk_4++; } } } return (tk_4); } private long n_lt(TradeType ca_8) { int ic_g = Grd_Ex(ca_8, ca_8); long gi_c = lt_8(ca_8); long ld_4 = Symbol.NormalizeVolume(gi_c * Math.Pow(VolumeExponent, ic_g)); return (ld_4); } private long fer(long ic_9, int bk_4) { long ga_i = Symbol.VolumeMin; long gd_i = Symbol.VolumeStep; long dc_i = Symbol.VolumeMax; long ic_8 = ic_9; if (ic_8 < ga_i) ic_8 = ga_i; if (ic_8 > dc_i) ic_8 = dc_i; return (ic_8); } } }
@Mountaindude
Mountaindude
28 Apr 2019, 15:41
Hi Donald,
will you be my iRobot? ;)
of course I would pay for your help
would also need a "stop buying/selling if I have more than xy DD, but start it if DD goes below xy" function
Let me know how to get in contact
Thx
Andy
@Mountaindude
DonaldD
26 Apr 2019, 11:47
Hi man,
You can use the stop function https://ctrader.com/api/reference/robot/stop to do so
@DonaldD